Positive Classroom Interaction in ESP Teaching

Abstract

Classroom Interaction (CI) is the heart of the educational process, as learning occurs directly during communication rather than just because of it. In the context of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), positive interaction is defined as a social activity significantly shaped by student engagement and active participation. The modern understanding of CI includes "Classroom Interactional Competence" (CIC), which involves the ability of both teachers and students to use speech as a tool to mediate and support learning. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to analyze strategies for building positive interaction in ESP, determine the influence of the emotional climate and rapport on learning outcomes, and justify the role of a student-centered approach in creating a goal-oriented educational environment. Methods. To analyze data, the presented study utilized research methods such as comparative analysis, synthesis of the material, and online survey method. Results. The integration of our analysis from recent studies (2021–2025) provides a comprehensive view of the factors contributing to positive classroom interaction in ESP.